This study investigates the impact of varying concentrations of Cu⁺, Mn⁺, and Ni⁺ ions in sulfate salts on the germination and seed growth of soybeans (Glycine max). In regions with a high density of industrial complexes, agricultural lands often coexist with industrial activities, posing a risk to local food supplies and health. Wastewater from industrial centers, rich in heavy metals such as Cu, Ni, Pb, and Cr, can contaminate agricultural areas, affecting crops and seeds. This study explores the germination and growth of Glycine max seeds exposed to different concentrations (0.2 M, 0.1 M, and 0.05 M) of CuSO₄, MnSO₄, and NiSO₄ salts. The study employs two-way ANOVA and regression analyses to assess the significance of solution types and concentrations on seed growth. The results indicate a strong negative correlation between increasing heavy metal concentrations and seed growth. However, no significant difference is observed among the effects of different metal ions. The study concludes that increased concentrations of Cu⁺, Mn⁺, and Ni⁺ ions in sulfate salts lead to a significant decrease in seed growth. The findings emphasize the potential risks of heavy metal contamination in agricultural practices and call for further research on the transfer of absorbed heavy metals in crops to human health.

Keywords: Soybeans, Glycine max, seed, growth, germination, copper sulfate, manganese sulfate, nickel sulfate, heavy metals, CuSO₄, MnSO₄, NiSO₄